A brief History of Western Architecture

A Timeline of Architecture

Masterworks of Ancient Architecture

Egypt
2599 BC: Huni becomes pharaoh and builds the step pyramid of Maidun (completed by his successor Sneferu)
2575 BC: Sneferu founds the 4th dynasty ("old kingdom") and builds in Dahshur the first pyramid with straight sides ("red pyramid")
2550 BC: architect Hemon builds the "great pyramid" at Giza (146m tall) for pharoah Khufu/Cheops
2515 BC: the Sphinx is built for pharaoh Khephren
2040 BC: Mentuhotep II wins the civil war, reunites Egypt, makes Thebes the capital of all Egypt, establishes the 11th dynasty ("middle kingdom") and builds the mortuary complex of Deir el Bahri
1391 BC: Amenhotep III becomes pharaoh and builds the palace complex at Malkata (near Thebes) and the temple of Amon at Luxor
1290 BC: Seti I dies, having built the largest tomb in the "Valley of the Kings" and the largest monument at Abydos, and his son Ramesses II succeeds him, married to Nefertari
1250 BC: Ramesses II transfers the capital to Pi-Ramesse in the delta, builds two temples at Abu Simbel, the Colossus at Memphis, the Hypostyle Hall of the Karnak temple at Luxor, and a huge tomb at Thebes

Ancient Near East
2125 BC: Gudea becomes king of Lagash and builds the monumental sanctuary of Eninnu
2112 BC: Ur-Nammu of Uruk recreats the Sumerian empire and rebuilds Ur, including the temple of Nanna and the three-terraced ziggurat
1932 BC: Gungunum becomes king of the Amorites with capital at Larsa, builds the E-Babbar temple and conquers Ur and Elam
1250 BC: the Elamites build the ziggurat at Choga Zambil, the largest of all time
1237 BC: Hittite king Hattusili III dies and is succeeded by his son Tudhaliya IV, who builds a palace on the acropolis of the capital, Hattusa
950 BC: the first temple is built in Jerusalem
950 BC: the Phoenicians build the fortified city of Tyre
879 BC: king Ashurnazirpal II of Assyria moves the capital from Nineveh to Nimrud (Kalhu), for which a citadel and a seven-km wall are built
705 BC: Sargon II of Assyria dies and is succeeded by his son Sennacherib, who moves the capital back to Nineveh and builds a royal palace
580 BC: Nebuchadnezzar II builds eight monumental gates, the Esagila complex, the seven-storey ziggurat, and the Hanging Gardens in Babylonia
560: the Sassanid king Khusro I builds the Palace of the Great Arch in Ctsiphon

Ancient Greece
1900 BC: palace of Knossos in Crete
1600 BC: royal tombs of Mycenae
1250 BC: walls and palaces of Mycenae
650 BC: Terrace of the lions at Dilos
560 BC: the temple of Artemis at Ephesus is built
510 BC: The temple of Ceres at Paestum (in Italy) is built
505 BC: a temple to Apollo is built at Delphi
450 BC: Temple of Zeus at Olympia
438 BC: the Parthenon is inaugurated in Athens
430 BC: the temple of Concord is built at Agrigento (in Sicily)
410 BC: the temple of the Erechtheion is built at the Athens acropolis
356 BC: the temple of Artemis at Ephesus is rebuilt
354 BC: a tomb for King Mausolus is built at Halicarnassus
350 BC: the theatre at Epidavros
350 BC: the theatre is built at Delphi
329 BC: a new temple to Apollo is built at Delphi
290 BC: the Colossus of Rhodos is built

Etruscans and Roman
600 BC: Etruscans build the colossal tombs of Cerveteri
600 BC: the Forum is built
326 BC: the Circus Maximus is built
179 BC: the Porticus Aemilia is completed
2nd c. BC: the sanctuary at Fortuna is remodeled in Praeneste (Palestrina)
80 BC: Temple of Fortuna Primigenia
55 AD: Pompej erects the first permanent theater in Rome
64 AD: Nero's Domus Aurelia
79 AD: the Colosseum is completed
81 AD: the Arch of Titus
107: architect Apollodorus of Damascus begins work at the Forum of Trajano
110: the Basilica of Trajano is completed
118: the Villa of Adriano is begun, comprising 30 buildins
121AD: Agrippa builds the Pantheon, a circular temple made of brick and concrete
Marcus Aurelius' column (176 AD)
Castel S. Angelo/ Mausoleum of Hadrian (193 AD)
217: the Baths of Caracalla are inaugurated
313: a cathedral is built in Edessa
313: the Basilica of Maxentius is completed
323: Constantine builds a church to the apostle Peter on the Roman cemetery where the martyr is buried

Middle Ages
459: St Simeon's church in Aleppo
537: Justinian builds the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople
1075: the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela is built, the third most popoular pilgrimage site after Jerusalem and Rome
1137: Benedictine monk Suger builds the cathedral of Saint-Denis in a new style, the gothic style
1506: Pope Julius II decides to rebuild the Basilica of St Peter
1564: Michelangelo builds the dome of St. Peter's Church in Rome

Paleochristian architecture

Constantine's churches (326-337):

S. Pietro, Roma
S. Giovanni in Laterano, Roma
S. Maria Maggiore, Roma
St Sophia, Constantinople
Nativity, Bethlehem (330-)
Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem (330-)

Paleochristian architecture in Italy

S. Paolo fuori le mura, Roma (480)
S. Costanza, Roma (IV)
S. Lorenzo, Milano (370)
S. Sabina, Roma (425)
S. Stefano Rotondo, Roma (V)
S. Giovanni Evangelista, Ravenna (430, destroyed)
Galla Placida's Mausoleum, Ravenna (V)

Paleochristian architecture in the Eastern Roman Empire

Qalat Siman, Syria (470)
St John of Studion, Constantinople (463)
St Demetrius, Salonika (490)
Justinian architecture (527-565)
- Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (532)
- SS. Sergius and Bacchus, Constantinople (530)
- S. Vitale, Ravenna (547)
- Giuliano Argentario: S. Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna (549)
- S. Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna (VI)
- Battistero Neoniano, Ravenna (VI)
- St John, Ephesus (565)
- Holy Apostles, Constantinople
- S. Agnese, Roma (638, destroyed)

Late Byzantine architecture

Zwartnots, Armenia (VII)

Cathedral of Ani, Armenia (X)

Mt Athos monastery, Greece

Hagia Sophia, Kiev (1037)

Cathedral of the Transfiguration, Chernigov

Vladimir cathedral, Novgorod (XI)

Nezeri, Yugoslavia (XII)

Gracanica, Serbia (XIV)

Hodeghetria, Mistra (XIV)

Cathedral of the Dormition, Moskow (XV)

St Basil, Moskow (1553)

Islamic architecture

Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem (692)

Amr in al-Fustat mosque, Cairo (641)

Karouan, Tunisia: Minaret (8th c)

Ibn Tulun mosque, Cairo (???)

al-Azhar mosque, Cairo (X)

Koca Sinan (1500: Sehzade Mehmed mosque, Istanbul (1548)

Koca Sinan (1500: Suleymaniye mosque, Istanbul (1555)

Taj Mahal, Agra (1648)

Kalyan minaret, Bukhara (1127)

Miri-Arab madrasah, Bukhara (1535)

Ismail Samani mausoleum, Bukhara (907)

Kalta minar, Khiva (1855)

Ulug Beg madrasah, Samarkand (1420)

Bib Khanym mosque, Samarkand (1404)

Gur Emir, Samarkand (1403)

Jema mosque, Isfahan (XI)

Imam mosque, Isfahan (XVII)

Amir Chakhmaq portal, Yazd (XIV)

Humayun's Tomb, Delhi

Qutb Minar, Delhi (1193)

Meherangarh Fort, Johdpur

Patwon Ki Haveli, Jaisalmer

Medersa Ibn Youssef, Marrakesch

Hassan tower, Rabat (1200)

Bab Mansour, Meknes

Bab Jdid, Meknes (1200)

Dar El Makhaen, Fez

Medersa Bou Inania, Fez (1350 AD)

Alhambra, Granada (1250)

Mosque of Kait Bey, Cairo (1471)

Jain architecture

Jain temples, Jaisalmer

Delwara temples, Mount Abu (1143)

Buddhist/Indian architecture

Kailasa temple, Ellora

Ellora caves, India

Ajanta caves, India

Sanchi sanctuary, India

Lakshman, Khajuraho (950)

Sun temple, Konark (1255)

Palace, Wadi Dahr

Longmen caves, Luoyang (500-750)

Datong caves, China

Hanging monastery, Yingxian

Forbidden City, Beijing (1420)

Pashupatinath, Katmandu

Swayambhunath, Katmandu

Sakya monastery, Tibet

Gyangtse stupa , Tibet

Jokhang, Lhasa

Potala, Lhasa

Ganden monastery, Lhasa

Samyen monastery, Tibet

Mogao caves, Dunhuang

Mingun Paya (XVIII)

Kaunghmudo` Paya, Sagaing (XIV)

Thanboddi, Monywa (XIV)

Schwemado` Paya, Bagan

Shwedagon, Yangoon (VI)

Shenando` monastery, Mandalay

Wat Phra Kaeo, Bangkok

Angkor, Seam Reap

Preah Vihear, Cambodia

Wat Chamdevi, Lumpun

Phanum Rung, Thailand

Prambanan, Java

Borobudur, Java (9th c)

Gunung Kawi, Bali

Bekasih, Bali

Kratoh, Yogyakarta

My Son, Vietnam

Wat Phu, Laos

Vat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang

Bamiyan Buddhas of 6th c AD, Afghanistan (destroyed by Islamic fanatics in 2001)

Romanesque architecture

Carolingian renaissance

Centula, St Riquier, France (789, destroyed)
Aachen cathedral (792) modeled after St Vitale
Germigny-des-Pres, France (806)
Lorsch (800)
Klosterkirche Niederzell, Reichenau (799)
Klosterkirche Mittelzell, Reichenau (888)
Klosterkirche Oberzell, Reichenau (900)
Corvey, France (880)
Quedlinburg (920)
Gernrode (960)
St Benigne, Dijon, France (1001)
St Philibert, Tournus, France (1009)
St Michael, Hildesheim (1010-33)

Imperial cathedrals (Kaiserdome)

Speyer cathedral (1030-60)
Mainz cathedral (975-1137)
Worms cathedral (XI-XIII)

Romanesque in Germany

Maria Laach (1093)
Tournai cathedral, Belgium (1110)
Limburg (1215)
Bamberg (1237)

France

St-Michele-de-Cuxa (970)
Ste Foyes at Conques (1050)
St Sernin at Toulouse (1080)
Cluny III (1088-1121, destroyed)
Pontigny (1114)
Fontenay (1139)
Paray-le-Monial (1100)
Autun (1120-1135)
Vezelay (1104)
Orcival
La Trinite`, Caen (1062)
St Etienne, Caen (1068)
Jumieges, Rouen (1052)
Cluny III (1088)

England 1066-1200

Canterbury cathedral
Winchester cathedral (1079)
Durham cathedral (1093)
Chichester cathedral
Worcester cathedral
Lincoln cathedral
Old St Paul's cathedral, London (destroyed 17th c)
Norwich cathedral
Rochester cathedral
Gloucester cathedral
York cathedral
Westminster Abbey (1065)
Castle Hedingham, Essex (1140)

Spain

Santiago de Penalba (919)
S. Maria de Lebena (924)
Ripoll (1032)
San Vicente de Cardona (1040)
Santiago de Campostela (1078)
Seo de Urgel (1131)
Tarragona cathedral (1171)
Lerida cathedral (1203)
Jaca cathedral (1054)
St Vicente, Avila (1109)
Zamora cathedral (1150)
Salamanca cathedral (1150)
Tomar, Portugal (1162)

Italy

S. Miniato al Monte, Firenze (1062)
S. Ambrogio, Milano (1080)
S. Sigismondi, Rivolta d'Adda (1089)
S. Marco, Venezia (1094-XVII)
Duomo, Modena (1099-1323)
S. Zeno, Verona (1123-1398)
Campanile, Pomposa
Battistero, Firenze (XII)
Leaning Tower, Pisa (1173-XIV)
Duomo, Pisa (1013-1180)
S. Clemente, Roma (1100)
Benedetto Antelami (1150, Italy): Battistero, Parma (1196)
S. Francesco, Assisi (1228-XIV)
Duono, Firenze (1296-1436)
Campanile, Firenze (1334-59)
Pisa, Assisi (1228), Firenze, Trani (1250), Amalfi (1203)
Fondaco Turchi, Venezia (XIII)

Kiev: Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (1051)

Kiev: St Sophia Cathedral/ Sofiysky Sobor (1031)

Ethiopia: St George, Labilela (XII)

Gothic architecture

France

St Denis abbey (1140)
Sens cathedral (1143)
Noyon (1145)
Chartres cathedral (1146-94)
Laon cathedral (1160)
Notre Dame (1163)
Bourges (1192)
Reims (1211-25)
Sainte-Chapelle (1242)
Chartreuse de Champmol (1385)
Strasbourg cathedral (1439)
Amiens cathedral (1220-66)
Coutances (1235)
Beauvais (1247)
St Urban, Troyes (1262)
Palace of the Popes, Avignon (1334)

Germany

Bamberg cathedral (1225)
Naumburg cathedral (1255)
St Elizabeth, Marburg (1257)
St Stephen, Vienna (1300)
St Vitus, Prague (1356-1929)
St Sebald, Nuremberg (1361)
Our Lady Before Tyn, Prague (1365) -> architec
Ulm cathedral (1377)
Cologne cathedral (1248)
Limburg cathedral (1235)
Marienkirche, Luebeck (1260)
Regensburg cathedral (1270)

England

Canterbury cathedral (1174-1379)
Wells (1180)
Lincoln (1192)
Salisbury (1220)
Westminster Abbey (1246-1503)
Albi (1282)
Bristol (1306)
Lichfield (1325)
St Exeter (1328)

Italy

Duomo, Siena (1200-89)
Castel del Monte (1240)
SS. Giovanni e Paolo, Venezia (1260)
Santa Maria Novella, Firenze (1268)
Palazzo Vecchio, Firenze (1299)
Duomo, Firenze (1334)
Palazzo dei Dogi, Venezia (1343-1424)
Duomo di Milano (1385-1965)
Ca d'Oro, Venezia (1423)

Spain

Toledo cathedral (1226)
Leon cathedral (1255)
Palma de Mallorca cathedral (1306)
Sevilla cathedral (1402-1518)
Alcazar, Segovia (1410-55)
Burgos cathedral (1440)

Others

Krak de Chevaliers, Syria (XII)
Marienburg/Malbork castle, Poland (1309-1457)
New Kremlin, Moskow (1485-1516)
Utrecht cathedral, Flanders, (1265)
Antwerp cathedral, Flanders, (1352)
Town Hall, Tallinn, Estonia (15th)
Church of the Holy Ghost, Tallinn, Estonia (13th)
Catholic basilica Sveta Jekaba, Riga, Latvia (1225)
Rigas Birza, Riga, Latvia
Meingalvju Nams, Riga, Latvia (1334)
Lutheran Basilica, Riga, Latvia (13th c)

Renaissance

Firenze 1420-1450

Brunelleschi's dome for the cathedral (1418-38)
Brunelleschi's Spedale degli Innocenti (1421-55)
Lorenzo Ghiberti's Bronze doors ("Gates of Paradise") of the Battistero (1425-1452)
Michelozzo's Palazzo Medici (1444)
Palaces for the Medici (1444-64) and the Pitti (Brunelleschi, 1440)
Leon Battista Alberti's facade for Santa Maria Novella (1442-1470)

Italy

Bernardo Rossellino's Pienza (1459-62, cathedral, town hall, papal palace)
St Andrea, Mantova (1472-94, Leon Battista Alberti)
Laurana's Palazzo di Urbino (1465)
Certosa di Pavia (1494)
Urbino

Architecture of the High Renaissance

Donato Bramante (1444, Italy)
- Tempietto S.Pietro in Montorio (Roma, 1502)
- S. Pietro cathedral (Roma, 1506)
- Palazzo Caprini (Roma, 1510)
Bramante's influence:
- Antonio Sangallo il Vecchio: S.Maria della Consolazione (Todi, 1508)
- Antonio Sangallo il Giovane et al: Palazzo Farnese (Roma, 1514-89)
- Baldassarre Peruzzi: Villa Farnesina (1522)
- Sanmicheli: Palazzo Grimani (Venezia, 1556)
- Sansovino: Ca' Grande (1537)
- Sansovino: Libreria di San Marco (1536)
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475, Italy)
- Libreria Laurentana (Roma, 1524)
- Campidoglio (Roma, 1539)
- St Peter's dome (Roma, 1546)
Andrea Palladio (1508, Italy)
- Basilica (Vincenza, 1549)
- Teatro Olimpico (Vicenza, 1580)
- Villa Rotonda (1550)
Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola:
- Villa Giulia, Roma (1551)
- Villa Farnese, Caprarola (1559)
- Chiesa del Gesu`, Roma (1568)
Giorgio Vasari (1511, Italy)
- Palazzo degli Uffizi (Firenze, 1560)

Rest of Europe

Buda palace, Budapest (1460, destroyed)
Topkapi Palace, Istanbul (1459)
Cathedral of the Dormition, Moskow (1475-1479)
Cathedral of the Annunciation, Moskow (1484-1489)
New Kremlin (1485-1516 )
Cathedral Frauenkirche/ Our Lady, Munich (1488)
Vladislav Hall of Prague Castle (1493)
Fioravanti: Cathedral of the Assumption (Moscow, 1479)
St Basil (Moscow, 1560)
Alevisio Novi: Church of the Archangel Michael (Moscow, 1509)
Salamanca cathedral, Spain (1512)
Sigismond Chapel, Wawel cathedral, Poland (1521)
Segovia cathedral, Spain (1522)
Granada cathedral, Spain (1528)
Chateaux de Fontainebleau, France (1528-68)
St Eustache, Paris (1532)
New Louvre, Paris (1546)
Juan Bautista de Toledo & Juan de Herrera: Escorial, Madrid (1562-84)
Town hall, Antwerp, Flanders28 (1571)
Inigo Jones (1573, Britain)
Banqueting House (1619-22) in Whitehall, London
St Anne, Vilnius, Lithuania (16th c, late gothic)

Baroque in Roma

Carlo Maderno (1556)
- S. Susanna (1597)
- Nave and Facade of St Peter (1614)
- S. Andrea della Valle (1622)
Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598)
- St Peter's Colonnade
Francesco Borromini (1599)
- San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (1638)
- S. Ivo della Sapienza (1648)
Piazza del Popolo (1662-79)
Spanish Steps (1723)
Trevi fountain (1732)

Baroque in Torino

Guarino Guarini (1624)
- Chapel of the Holy Shroud (1667)
- S.Lorenzo (1668)
- Carignano Palace (1680)
Filippo Juvarra (1678)
- Palazzo Madama (1718)
- Stupinigi castle (1729)
- Superga (1717)
Bernardo Vittone (1705)
- Santa Maria della Visitazione, Vallinotto (1738)
- San Bernardino, Chieri (1740)
Santa Chiara, Bra (1741)
Santa Maria di Piazza, Torino (1750)
S. Croce in Villanova di Mondovi` (1755)
San Michele, Rivarolo Canavese (1758)

Baroque & Rococo in Germany & Austria

St Michael, Munich (1597)
Santa Maria Nova dei Miracoli, Venezia (1489, Pietro Lombardo)
Ponte di Rialto, Venezia (XVI)
Baldassarre Longhena (1604): S. Maria della Salute, Venezia (1631)
Johann Bernard Fisher von Erlach (1656)
- Karlskirche, Vienna (1716-37)
- Hofbibliothek, Vienna (1722)
Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt
- Goettweig (1719)
- Schloss Pommersfelden (1711)
- Mirabell Palace, Salzburg (1715)
- Schoenborn Palace, Goellersdorf (1717)
- Halbthurn Palace (1711)
- Schlosshof Palace (1729)
- Rackeve Palace (1701)
- Lower and Upper Belvedere (1713-1723)
Balthasar Neumann (1687)
- Wuerzburg Residenz (1724-44)
- Bruchsal (1731)
- Vierzehnheiligen, Bamberg (1762)
House of Nobility/ Riddarhus, Stockholm, Sweden (1641)
Jacob Van Campen: Mauritshuis, Hague, Holland (1644)
St Nicholas, Prague (1704-1756)
Georg Bahr: Frauenkirche, Dresden (1726-)
Francois Cuvillies: Amalienburg, Nymphenburg, Munich (1734)
Georg Wenceslaus von Knoebelsdorff: Sans Souci, Potsdam (1745)
Daniel Mathaeus Poeppelman: Zwinger, Dresden (1711-)
Gotthard Hayberger: Admont abbey library, Austria (1742)
Jakob Prandtauer: Monastery of Melk, Austria (1702)
Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena: Bayreuth theatre (1748)
Johann Bernard Fisher von Erlach (1656)
- Karlskirche, Vienna (1716-37)
- Hofbibliothek, Vienna (1722)
Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt
- Schloss Pommersfelden (1711)
- Halbthurn Palace (1711)
- Lower and Upper Belvedere (1713-1723)
- Mirabell Palace, Salzburg (1715)
- Schoenborn Palace, Goellersdorf (1717)
- Goettweig (1719)
- Schlosshof Palace (1729)
Balthasar Neumann (1687)
- Wuerzburg Residenz (1724-44)
- Bruchsal (1731)
Jakob Prandtauer: Monastery of Melk, Austria (1702)
Daniel Mathaeus Poeppelman: Zwinger, Dresden (1711-)
Asman brothers: Welterburg (1718)
Georg Bahr: Frauenkirche, Dresden (1726-)
Francois Cuvillies: Amalienburg, Nymphenburg, Munich (1734)
Gotthard Hayberger: Admont abbey library, Austria (1742)
Georg Wenceslaus von Knoebelsdorff: Sans Souci, Potsdam (1745)
Dominikus Zimmermann: Die Wies (1746)
Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena: Bayreuth theatre (1748)
Hildebrandt's Goettweig

Slavic Rococo

Johann Santini (Bohemia, 1667):
- Kladruby (1712)
- Rajhrad (1722)
- Zdar chapel (1719)
Paolo Antonio Fontana: St Anne, Lubartow, Poland (1738)
- Bartolomeo Rastrelli (1700):
- Monastery of Smolny, St Petersburg (1748)
- Winter Palace, St Petersburg (1754)
- Antonio Rinaldi: Bolshoy Kamenny Theater (St Petersburg, 1783)
- Osip Bove: Bolshoy Theatre, Moskow (1825)
- Vladimir Shervud: Russian Museum, Moskow (1872)

Spanish Rococo

Sacristy of the Charterhouse, Granada (18th)
Facade of Santiago de Campostela (1738)
Zacatecas cathedral, Mexico (1752)
Cordoba cathedral, Argentina (1687)
Mafra monastery, Portugal (1717-)

French Rococo

Francois Mansart: Ste Marie de la Visitation, Paris (1632)
Hardouin-Mnasart: Les Invalides (1680)
Louis LeVau: Versailles (1669)
Guarini?: St Didier, Asfeld (1680)
Grand Place, Brussels (1696-)

English Rococo

Christopher Wren (1632, Britain)
- St. Paul's Cathedral, London (1675-1710)
- St Stephen, Walbrook (1672)
- Royal Naval Hospital, Greenwich (1716)
Nicholas Hawksmoor (Britain, 1661)
- Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire (1724)
- Christ Church, at Spitalfields, London (1729)
John Vanbrugh:
- Castle Howard (1699-)
- Blenheim palace (1705)
James Gibbs:
- St Martin-in-the-fields, London (1721)
- Radcliff Camera (1739)

Neoclassic Architecture

Richard Boyle: Chiswick villa, England (1725)

Matthew Brettingham: Holkham Hall, England (1734)

Luigi Vanvitelli: Palazzo di Caserta (1751)

Jacques Soufflot: Pantheon, Paris (1754)

Nicodemus Tessin: Royal Palace, Stockholm (1754)

Victor Luis: Grande Theatre, Bordeaux (1773)

Robert Adam: Home House, London (1775)

Giuseppe Piermarini: La Scala, Milano (1776)

Charles Cameron: Agate Pavillion (1780)

Etienne Boullee (Britain, 1728): Cenotaph for Isaac Newton (1784, never built)

Claude Ledoux (France, 1736): Custom Toll House, Paris (1789)

William Thornton: Capitol, Washington (1792)

Friedrich Gilly: Monument to kaiser Friedrich, Berlin (1797, never built)

Madeleine, Paris (1806)

Antonio Niccolini: San Carlo theatre, Napoli (1816)

Leo von Klenze: Walhalla, Regensburg (1821)

Karl Schinkel: Altes Museum, Berlin (1823)

Gottfried Semper: Hoftheater, Dresden (1835)

Benjamin Latrobe (USA, 1764): Capitol, Washington (1830)

Benjamin Latrobe (USA, 1764): Cathedral, Baltimore (1818)

Charles Bullfinch (USA, 1763): State House, Boston (1797)

Alexander Parris (USA, 1780): Faneuil Market, Boston (1826)

CL Engel: Cathedral, Helsinki (1802)

Neogothic Architecture

Augustus Pugin: Houses of Parliament, London (1840)

Ralph Adams Cram: St John the Divine, New York (1892)

Revivalist Architecture

Charles Garnier: Opera, Paris (1861)

Thomas Walter: Capitol, Washington (1863)

Joseph Poalaert: Palais de Justice, Brussels (1866)

Christian Jank: Neuschwanstein Castle (1869-92)

Henry Richardson: Trinity Church, Boston (1872)

Paul Abadie: Sacre Coeur, Paris (1874)

Josefa Zitka: Opera, Prague (1883)

Giuseppe Sacconi (1854): Vittoriano, Roma (1885-1935)

John-Francis Bentley (1839): Westminster Cathedral, London (1895)

George Gilbert Scott (1839): Midland Grand/ St Pancras Renaissance (1873)

Daniel Burnham (1846): Fuller Building (1902)

George Hauberisser: Neues Rathaus, Munich (1909)

Alexander Gornostajev: Uspenski Cathedral, Helsinki (1868)

Opera, Stockholm, Sweden (Axel Anderberg, 1898)

Richard Morris Hunt: Court of Honor at the Columbian Exposition, Chicago (1893) launches the "City Beautiful" Movement

Richard Morris Hunt: New York Tribune Building (1875, destroyed)

Art Noveau

Antoni Gaudi (1852)

Sagrada Familia, Barcelona (1883-XXI)
Casa Batllo, Barcelona (1905)

Joseph Maria Olbricht

Secession Gallery, Vienna (1899)

Otto Wagner

Steinhof Asylum, Vienna (1905)

Louis Sullivan (1856)

Auditorium Building, Chicago (1889)
Wainwright Building, St Louis (1890)
Carson Pirie Scott, Chicago (1904)

Victorian architecture

Richard Turner: Palm House, Kew (1845)

Joseph Paxton: Crystal Palace, London (1851, burned down)

William-Henry Barlow (Britain, 1812): St Pancras Station, London (1868)

James Bunning (Britain, 1802): Coal Exchange, London (1846)

Giuseppe Mengoni: Galleria Vittorio Emanuele, Milano (1860)

William Le Baron Jenney: Chicago's Home Insurance Building, the world's first steel-frame skyscraper (1885, destroyed)

Gustave Eiffel (1832): "Tour Eiffel" (1889)

Hendrik Berlage: Stock Exchange, Amsterdam (1898)

Daniel Burnham: Flatiron, New York (1902)

William Kendall: Municipal Building, New York (1906)

Giacomo Matte`-Trucco (1869): Fiat Factory, Torino, Italy (1923)

Eliel Saarinen (1873): Railway Station (1914, Helsinki)

Cass Gilbert: Alexander Hamilton Custom House, New York (1907)

Robert Henderson Robertson: Park Row Building, New York (1909)

Napoleon LeBrun: Metropolitan Life Insurance Tower, New York (1909)

Giles Scott: Anglican Cathedral, Liverpool (1910)

Joseph Hoffman (1870): Palais Stoclet, Brussels (1911)

Cass Gilbert: Woolworth Building, New York (1913)

Joze Plecnik (Slovenia, 1872):

Church of the Holy Spirit/ Heilig-Geist-Kirche, Vienna (1913)
Three Bridges, Ljubljana, Slovenia (1932)
Sacred Heart, Prague (1928)
Chamber of Trade, Ljubljana, Slovenia (1925)
Zale cemetery (1942)

Bernard Maybeck (1862): Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco (1915)

Ralph Walker: New York Telephone Building (ex Barclay-Vesey), New York (1927)

Hannibal Gonzalez (Spain): Plaza de Espana, Sevilla (1929)

Voorhees, Gmelin & Walker: Irving Trust Company Building, New York (1932), 1 Wall Street

Tatsuno Kingo (Japan, 1854): Bank of Japan, Tokyo (1896)

Tatsuno Kingo (Japan, 1854): Tokyo Station (1914)

Sone Tatsuzo (Japan, 1853): Memorial Library (1912) of Keio University in Minato

Sone Tatsuzo (Japan, 1853): Nihon Yusen building (1923)

Okada Shinichiro (Japan, 1883): Kabukiza/ Kabuki Theater (1924)

Expressionism

Peter Behrens (1868): Turbine Hall, Berlin (1909)

JM Van der Meij: Scheepvaarthuis, Amsterdam (1912)

Max Berg: Jahrhunderthalle, Breslau (1913, destroyed)

Peter Jensen Klint (1853): Grundtvig Church, Copenhagen (1913)

Henry van de Velde (1863): Werkbund Theatre, Cologne (1914, destroyed)

Hans Poelzig (1869): Grosses Schauspielhaus, Berlin (1918, destroyed)

Erich Mendelsohn (1887, Germany): Einstein Observatory, Potsdam, Germany (1921)

Bruno Taut (1880): Glass House, Koeln/Cologne (1914)

Kurt Schwitters (1887, Germany): Merzbau (1923)

Pre-modernism

Adolf Loos' "Ornament and Crime" (1910): elimination of ornament from useful objects (proto-Bauhaus)

Walter Gropius: Fagus Works (1913)

Frank Lloyd Wright (1867):

Fallingwater House, Pennsylvania (1937)
Guggenheim Museum, New York (1956)

Adolf Loos (1870): Chicago Tribune tower (1920-22)

Ragnar Ostberg: Stadshuset/ City Hall, Stockholm (1923)

Graham, Anderson, Probst & White: Wrigley Building, Chicago (1925)

Albert von Huffell: Church of the Sacred Heart, Brussells (1922)

Rudolph Steiner (1861): Goetheanum II, Dornach, Switzerland (1928)

Dominikus Boehm (1880): Frielingsdorf Church, Koeln/Cologne, Germany (1927)

Marcello Piacentini (1881): Palazzo della Civilta` Italiana, EUR, Roma (1938-1942)

Walter Gropius (1883, Germany): Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany (1925)

Anibal Gonzalez (1876, Spain): Plaza de Espana, Sevilla (1929)

William van Alen (1883): Chrysler Building, New York (1930)

Shreve, Lamb, and Harmon: Empire State Building, New York (1933)

Hood, Reinhard, Hofmeister, etc: Rockefeller Center, New York (1931-37)

Edwin Lutyens (1869): Catholic Cathedral, Liverpool (1933, unfinished)

Yi-shun Wang: Lungshan Temple, Taipei (1924)

Modernist Architecture

Luis Barragan (1902): Casa Luis Barragan in Mexico City (1948)

Juan O'Gorman (1905): mosaic facade of the Biblioteca of the Universidad Nacional, Mexico City (1950)

Hassan Fathy (1900): New Gourna Village in Luxor, Egypt (1952)

Lev Rudnev (1885): Lomonosov University (1953, Moscow)

Lev Rudnev: Palace of Culture and Science/ PKIN (1955, Warszaw)

Emery Roth (1871): Pan-Am building, New York (1963)

A. Mordinow y V. Oltarzewsky: Hotel Ukraine (1955, Moscow)

Frederick Kiesler (1890): The Shrine of the Book (1965, Jerusalem)

Richard Neutra's Kaufmann House (1946)

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886):

Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois (1951)
Seagram Building, New York (1954-57)

Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris "LeCorbusier" (1887):

Notre-Dame-de-Haut, Ronchamp (1950-1955)
Villa Savoye (1931)
Chandigarh High Court, India (1952)
LaTourette monastery, Eveux, France (1957-60)

Pierluigi Nervi (1891)

Palazzo dello sport EUR, Rome (1956)
Vatical Audience Hall, Roma (1971)
St Mary's Cathedral, San Francisco (1971)

Gio Ponti (1891): Pirelli Building, Milano (1956)

Hans Scharoun (1893): Philharmonie, Berlin (1956)

Buckminster Fuller (1895):

Union Tank Car Dome, Baton Rouge, USA (1951)
Montreal Biosphere, Canada (1967)
Geodesic Dome for Expo '67, Montreal, Canada (1967)

Alvar Aalto (1898):

Saynatsalo Townhall, Jyvaskyla, Finland (1952)
Finlandia Hall (1967-71)

Timo & Tuomo Suomalainen: Temppeliauko Church, Helsinki (1969)

Louis Kahn (1901, USA)

Salk Institute, La Jolla, San Diego (1959)
National Assembly, Dhaka, Bangladesh (1974)
Kimbell Art Museum, Texas (1972)
Phillips Exeter Academy Library, New Hampshire (1972)

Disneyland, Los Angeles (1955)

Vladimir Helfreich (1885): Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moskow (1956)

Arne Jacobsen (1902): Royal SAS Hotel, Copenhagen (1960)

Marcel Breuer (1902, Germany): St John's Abbey, Minnesota (1953-63)

Josep Lluis Sert (1902): Fondation Maeght, St-Paul-de-Vence, France (1964)

Gordon Bunshaft: Lever House (1951)

Philip Johnson (1906)

Munson-Williams-Proctor Museum, Utica (1957)
Crystal cathedral, Los Angeles (1980)
Lipstick Building, New York (1986)
Torres Puerta de Europa, Madrid (1996)
Thanksgiving Square, Dallas (1977)
AT&T/Sony, New York (1984)

Oscar Niemeyer (1907):

Chapel of Sao Francisco, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte (1946)
Congress Complex, Brasilia (1958)
Cathedral, Brasilia (1970)
Museum of Contemporary Art, Niteroi, Brazil (1996)
Mondadori Building (1975)

Frederick Gibberd (1908): Cathedral of Christ the King, Liverpool (1967)

Gordon Bunshaft (1909): National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (1984)

William Pereira (1909): Transamerica Pyramid, San Francisco (1973)

William Pereira (1909): Geisel Library, San Diego (1973)

Felix Candela (1910): Church of the Miraculous Virgin, Mexico City (1955)

John Lautner (USA, 1911):

Chemosphere House, Los Angeles (1960)
Garcia House on Mulholland Drive, Los Angeles (1962)
Sheats-Goldstein House, Los Angeles (1963)
Arango MarBrisa House, Acapulco, Mexico (1973)
Walstrom House, Santa Monica Mountains, California (1969)

Bertrand Goldberg (1913)

Marina City, Chicago (1967)
Prentice Women's Hospital, Chicago (1975)

Eero Saarinen (1910, Finland)

TWA terminal, New York (1962)
Gateway Arch, St Louis (1948-65)

Wallace Harrison: Met Opera at Lincoln Center (1966)

Pietro Belluschi (1899): Alice Tully Hall in Juilliard School at Lincoln Center (1966)

Hugh Stubbins (1912):

Landmark Tower (1993, Yokohama)
Congresses Hall (1958, Berlin)
Citicorp building (1978, New York)

Yang Cho-cheng (1914): Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, Taipei (1980)

Kenzo Tange (1913):

Peace Pavilion, Hiroshima (1956)
Kagawa Prefectural Government Office Building in Takamatsu (1958)
National Gymnasium, Tokyo (1964)
Cathedral, Tokyo (1965)
City Hall, West Shinjuku, Tokyo (1991)
United Overseas Bank 1, Singapore (1992)

Moshe Safdie (1938): Marina Bay Sands, Singapore (2010)

Moshe Safdie (1938): Habitat Housing, Montreal (1967)

Yoshikazu Uchida (1885): Yasuda Kasai Kaijo or Sompo Building (1976), Tokyo

Ieoh Ming Pei (1917):

National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado (1961-67)
Bank of China, Hong Kong (1990)
Library Tower, Los Angeles (1990)
City Hall, Dallas (1978)
Fountain Place at 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas (1986)

John Burgee (1933): AT&T/Sony Building, New York (1984)

Richard Rogers (1933):

Centre Pompidou, Paris (1972-76)
Lloyds Building, London (1978)
Millenium Dome, London (1999)
Cheesegrater/Leadenhall Tower, London (2014)

Parametricism (term coined by Patrik Schumacher, 2008)/ Computational architecture

Frei Otto (1925, Germany): Multihalle in Mannheim (1975)
Kas Oosterhuis (1951, Holland): solo exhibition "Synthetic Architecture" (1990)
John Frazer's book "An Evolutionary Architecture" (1995)
Lars Spuybroek (1959, Holland): Neeltje Jans water pavilion (1997)
Greg Lynn (1964, USA): Korean Presbyterian Church in Queens, New York (1999)

Eladio Dieste (1917): Iglesia de Atlantida, Uruguay (1959)

George Schipporeit (1933): Lake Point Tower, Chicago (1968)

Paolo Soleri (1919): Arcosanti, Arizona (1972)

Jorn Utzon (1918): Sydney Opera House (1957-72)

Jorn Utzon (1918): Bagsvaerd Church (1976)

Edward Durell Stone: Aon building, Chicago (1972)

Roberto Luis Gandolfi: Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro (1972)

Edgar de Oliveira de Fonseca: Catedral Metropolitana, Rio de Janeiro (1979)

Hiroshi Hara (1936, Japan): Umeda Sky (1993)

Hiroshi Hara (1936, Japan): Kyoto Station (1997)

John Portman (1924):

Embarcadero Center, San Francisco (1968-83)
Hyatt Regency, San Francisco (1974)
Bonaventure Hotel, Los Angeles (1986)
Tomorrow Square, Shangai (2003)
Peachtree Plaza Hotel, Atlanta (1976)

Bruce Graham (1925): John Hancock Center, Chicago (1970)

Bruce Graham (1925): Sears Towers, Chicago (1974)

Eugene Baudoin, Urbain Cassan, Louis de Hoyn de Marien, Jean Saubat: Tour Montparnasse, Paris (1973)

Cesar Pelli (1926):

Pacific Design Center ("Blue Whale"), Los Angeles (1976)
Canary Wharf Tower, London (1991)
Bank of America, Charlotte (1992)
Sea Hawk Hotel, Fukuoka, Japan (1995)
Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (1998)
Two International Finance Centre (2003, Hong Kong)

Minoru Yamasaki (1912): World Trade Center, New York (1970, dem 2001)

Georgy Chakhava (): Roads Ministry building, Tbilisi, Georgia (1975)

Igor Vasilevsky (): Druzhba Sanitarium, Yalta, Ukraine (1986)

Anca Petrescu (1949): Casa Poporului, Bucharest, Romania (1989)

Janko Konstantinov (): Glavna Posta/ Central Post Office, Skopje, Macedonia (1974)

Jose Augusto Bellucci: Cathedral de Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Maringa, Brazil (1972)

Edgar de Oliveira de Fonseca: Catedral Metropolitana, Rio de Janeiro (1976)

Harry Weese (1915): Metropolitan Detention Center, Chicago (1975)

Harry Weese (1915): 200 South Wacker Drive, Chicago (1981)

Paul Rudolph (1918): Hong Kong's Lippo (1987)

Paul Rudolph (1918): Concourse, Singapore (1994)

Paul Rudolph (1918): Milam Residence (1961)

Kazuo Shinohara (1925): Tokyo Institute of Technology's Centennial Hall (1987)

James Stirling (1926, Britain): Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart (1977)

Gae Aulenti (1927): Musee d'Orsay (1987)

Rogelio Salmona (1929): Torres del Parque, Bogota (1970)

Johann Otto von Spreckelsen (1929): La Grande Arche, Paris (1982-1990)

Stephen Wright: Two Prudential Plaza, Chicago (1990)

Frank Gehry (1929):

Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao (1997)
Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles (2005)
Jay Pritzker Pavilion, Chicago (2004)
Guggenheim Museum, Abu Dhabi (200?)
Hotel Marques de Riscal, Elciego, Spain

Arata Isozaki (1931): Museum of Contemporary Art (1986, Los Angeles)

Arata Isozaki and Toshiko Kimura: JR Ueno Railway Station

Alvaro Siza-Vieira (1933, Portugal): Igreja de Marco de Canaveses, Portugal (1996)

Norman Foster (1935, Britain)

Willis Faber Dumas Building, Ipswitch (1974)
Hong Kong Shangai Banking Building, Hong Kong (1986)
Commerzbank, Frankfurt (1997)
Swiss Re, St Mary Axe & Camonile, London (2003)
Al Faisaliah Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (2000)
Hearst Tower, New York, USA (2008)

Michael Graves (1934)

Public Services Building, Portland (1983)
Humana Building, Louisville (1982)

Epstein: Associates Center, Chicago (1983)

Kohn Pedersen Fox

Mori Building (2008, Roppongi Hills, Tokyo, Japan)
311 South Wacker Drive, Chicago (1990)
World Financial Center (2006, Shanghai)
Union Square Phase 7/ International Commerce Centre, Hong Kong (2010)

Murphy & Jahn: Liberty Place, Philadelphia (1986)

Murphy & Jahn: Messeturm, Frankfurt (1990)

James Polshek (1930): Clinton Library, Little Rock, USA (2004)

Dennis Lau (1941, China): Central Plaza, Hong Kong (1992)

Dennis Lau (1941, China): Citic Plaza, Guangzhou (1997)

Ricardo Legorreta (1931): Camino Real Hotel, Cancun (1975)

Richard Meier (1934): Getty Center, Los Angeles (1997)

Richard Meier (1934): Museu d'Arte Contemporani, Barcelona (1995)

Rafael Moneo (1937): Cathedral, Los Angeles (2002)

Renzo Piano (1937): DeMenil Collection (1986)

Renzo Piano (1937): California Academy of Science, San Francisco (1986)

Renzo Piano and Charles Thornton: New York Times Headquarters

Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers: Centre Pompidou, Paris (1972-76)

Terry Farrell (1938):

Tv-am building, Camden Town, London (1983)
Vauxhall Cross, London (1988-92)

Balkrishna Doshi (1927): Indian Institute of Management in Bangalore, India (1983)

Ricardo Bofill (1939, Spain): Espaces de Abraxas, Marne-la-Vallee (1982)

Ricardo Bofill (1939, Spain): Taller de Arquitectura, St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris (1981)

Imre Makovecz (1935, Hungary): Church of the Holy Spirit (1992, Paks, Hungary)

Tadao Ando (1941):

Church on the Water, Tomamu-Hokkaido (1985-88)
Church of the Light, Osaka (1989)

Adrian Smith (USA, 1944)

AT&T Corporate Center, Chicago (1989)
Burj Dubai (2008, Dubai)
Jin Mao Building, Shangai (1998)
Masdar Headquarters, United Arab Emirates (200?)

Helmut Jahn (1940): Xerox Center, Chicago (1980)

Jean Nouvel (1941): L'Institut du Monde Arabe (1987, Paris)

Jean Nouvel (1941): Angbar Tower (2005, Barcelona)

Arc Studio: Pinnacles, Singapore (2004)

Kisho Kurokawa (1934, Japan):

Republic Plaza (1995, Singapore)
Nakagin Capsule Tower (1972, Tokyo)
Sony Tower (1976, Osaka)
National Art Center, Tokyo (2005)
Zhengdong District, China

Mario Botta (1943): SFMOMA (1995, San Francisco)

Dominique Perrault (1953): Bibliotheque de France (1997, Paris)

Leo Daly architects: Jumeirah Beach hotel (1997, Dubai)

Chu-yuan Lee (1938, Taiwan): Taipei 101 Tower (1998, Taipei)

Nikken Sekkei: Chamber of Commerce, Dubai (1995)

Carlos Ott (1946): National Bank, Dubai (1998)

Tom Wright (1957, Britain): Burj Al Arab hotel, Dubai (2000)

Hijjas Kasturi (1936, Singapore): Menara Telekom, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2000)

Hijjas Kasturi (1936, Singapore): Tabung Haji, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (1984)

Hazel Wong (China): Emirates Towers , Dubai (2000)

Ellerde Becket (USA): Kingdom Centre (2001, Saudi Arabia)

Jan Kaplicky (1937, Czeck): The Czech National Library, Prague (2007)

Jose-Rafael Moneo (Spain, 1937): Cathedral, Los Angeles (2002)

Santiago Calatrava (1951)

Satolas TGV Station (1993, Lyons, France)
Sundial bridge (2004, Redding, California)
Turning Torso (2005, Malmo, Sweden)
City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia, Spain (2006)
Chords Bridge, Jerusalem, Israel (2008)

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill

Gateway IV, Chicago (1983)
China World Trade Center Tower 3 (2010, Beijing)
DLI63/Korea Life Insurance, Seoul (1985)
Freedom Tower (2014, New York)

Rafael Vinoly (1944, Uruguay): International Forum (1996, Tokyo)

Rafael Vinoly (Uruguay, 1944): Jongno Tower, Seoul (1999)

Rafael Vinoly (Uruguay, 1944): One River Point, Miami

Rafael Vinoly (Uruguay, 1944): 20 Fenchurch Street, London

Rem Koolhaas (1944, Netherlands) and Ole Scheeren: China Central Television, Beijing (2009)

Teodoro Gonzalez de Leon, Francisco Serrano and Alejandro Fierro: Arcos Bosques (1997, Mexico City)

Agustin Hernandez-Navarro (1924)

Casa Alvarez, Mexico City (1976)
Folkloric Ballet School, Mexico City (1968)
Praxis, Mexico City (1975)
House in the Air, Mexico City (1991)
Calakmul, Mexico City (1994)

Steven Holl and Robert Silman: 5th Avenue and 42nd Street Tower, New York (200)

Bruno de Franco: Suite Vollard, Curitiba, Brazil (2001)

Hans Hollein (1934) and Josef Janda: Monte Laa Towers, Vienna (2013)

Paul Andreu (1938): National Center for the Performing Arts, Beijing (2008)

Kenneth Yeang (1948, Malaysia) and T.R. Hamzah: Menara Mesiniaga (1992)

Hamiltons Architects: Strata SE1 (2010)

Peter Cook and Colin Fournier (1944): Kunsthaus Graz (Graz, Austria, 2002)

Henning Larsen (1925): Opera House (Copenhagen, Denmark, 2005)

Snohetta (Norway): Opera House (Oslo, Norway, 2008)

Jakob + MacFarlane: Cite de la Mode (Paris, France, 2008)

Zaha Hadid (Iraq, 1950):

Phaeno Science Center (Wolfsburg, Germany, 2005)
Herault Culture Sport (Montpelier, France, in progress)
Museum of Transport (Glasgow, Britain, in progress)
CMA CGM Head Office (Marseilles, France, in progress)
Fiera di Milano (Milano, Italy, in progress)
Architecture Foundation, Southwark Street and Great Guildford Street (London, Britain, in progress)
Guangzhou: Opera House (2011)

David Fisher (1949, Italy): Dynamic Tower, Dubai (?)

Giancarlo Mazzanti (1963, Colombia): Parque Biblioteca Espana, Medellin, Colombia (2007)

Ben Van Berkel (1957): Mercedez-Benz Museum, Stuttgart (2006)

Daniel Libeskind (1946, Poland):

Reflection Towers at Keppel Bay (2012)
Creative Media Centre, City University of Hong Kong (2010)
Royal Ontario Museum, Ontario (2006)
Denver Art Museum (2006)
L Tower, Toronto (202x)
Museum of Military History, Dresden (2011)

Chalermchai Kositpipat (1955, Thailand): "Wat Rong Khun/ White temple", Chiang Rai, Thailand (1997)

Jeanne Gang (1964): Aqua Building, Chicago (2009)

Kotaro Ide (1965): Shell House, Kitasaku, Nagano (2008)

Yansong Ma (1975): Absolute "Marilyn Monroe" Towers (Ontario, Canada, 2011)

Vincent Callebaut (1977, Belgium): Lilypad (2011)