Basri Amin
Bekerja di Voice of Hale-Hepu
NEGERI ini memikul warisan peradaban dunia yang besar. Dan uniknya, negeri ini memilih burung sebagai lambang negara. Tak banyak negara di dunia yang mengukuhkan identitasnya dengan semangat terbang tinggi, setinggi garuda atau elang rajawali. Ketika kita (kembali) memperingati Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia 17 Agustus 1945, jiwa terbang tinggi itulah yang mestinya kita hayati bersama.
Sejarah kita yang panjang tidaklah menjamin kekuatan kita di persaingan global. Beragam percobaan monumental pada periode awal kebangsaan kita, terutama dalam mengambil peran di kawasan Asia pada era Perang Dingin (1947-1991) dan pada periode setelahnya, berhasil menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memang adalah negara besar. Tak ada yang meragukan bahwa kita selalu menjadi pemain penting di dunia, terutama di Asia Tenggara.
Jika ada yang cenderung kita sesali, hal itu adalah karena demikian beratnya benturan-benturan internal yang dialami Indonesia pada masa awal kemerdekaannya (1947-1950). Bahwa kesempatan mengerjakan pembangunan selama 30 tahun lebih (Orde Baru, 1966-1998) yang berlangsung intensif, kita memang mencapai perbaikan infrastruktur dasar, ketersediaan pangan dan pendidikan hingga ke desa-desa.
Sayang sekali, kekayaan alam kita terlalu digerus berlebihan dan tidak sepenuhnya terkelola cerdas untuk kepentingan jangka panjang yang lebih fundamental. Untuk waktu yang cukup lama, mutu hidup rakyat dan daya kompetisi manusia Indonesia tidak merata secara berarti. Di luar itu, kebebasan sipil dibatasi sedemikian rupa dan pendekatan militerisme demikian dominan.
Reformasi 1998 nyaris mengantarkan Indonesia menjadi negeri yang kalah dan pecah karena masalah identitas, aspirasi politik dan friksi ekonomi yang berkepanjangan. Kebebasan meledak di banyak arena dan panggung. Kekuatan kontrol atas kekuasaan negara meluas. Media dan perhimpunan masyarakat sipil meluas di mana-mana.
Bahkan ada suatu masa, kehadiran surat kabar dan LSM menjamur di daerah-daerah. Di awal tahun 2000-an, koalisi elite baru dan perkumpulan organisasi sosial adalah pelaku kunci yang meretas kebekuan otonomi daerah. Ketimpangan pembangunan menjadi tema utama di banyak wilayah. Dan, hasilnya adalah pembentukan provinsi dan kabupaten-kabupaten baru.
Di manakah Indonesia? Ketika Indonesia Raya, Merah Putih dan Garuda Pancasila kita hendak tegakkan dan kukuhkan kembali saat ini, di manakah tempatnya? Sangat terasa bahwa getaran dan warna keindonesiaan itu tak lagi sama frekuensinya di antara kita semua. Ketimpangan antara yang kaya dan yang miskin tidak banyak berubah di negeri ini. Otonomi daerah yang kita bangun bersama tampaknya belum sepenuhnya dibangun di atas moral yang memihak kepada (nasib) daerah itu sendiri. Yang terjadi adalah kita terburu-buru menjual daerah dan mengambil manfaat dengan cara-cara sepihak.
Tekad untuk melakukan Revolusi yang sesungguhnya, yakni pada fondasi utama kebangsaan kita, yakni spirit pengorbanan dan kegotong-royongan, serta perjuangan gagasan dan gerakan yang menguatkan etos kepeloporan, terkesan masih sesak-nafas. Karena itu, negeri tercinta ini membutuhkan sebuah titik balik untuk menggugat kembali cita-citanya yang dengan penuh kehormatan memproklamasikan kemerdekaannya 75 tahun lalu. Sejak itu, Indonesia bersuara lantang kepada dunia; sembari kita menebar suara kemerdekaan itu ke benua Afrika dan negara-negara lainnya di Asia.
Persatuan Indonesia sebagai negara-bangsa adalah tantangan serius kita dewasa ini. Jika kita menoleh sedikit ke belakang, marilah sadar bahwa Indonesia bukanlah sebuh negara-bangsa yang perjalanannya berjalan mulus. Apa yang kini kita beri harga mati, dengan tekad Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) pernah mengalami goncangan yang hebat. Untuk sekian waktu kita pernah mengenal negara Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS) tahun 1949 dan kemudian dibubarkan pada 17 Agustus 1950.
Ketika Negara Indonesia Timur (NIT) terbentuk, sebuah sidang besar dan penting digelar. Sidang parlemen NIT ini berjalan cukup lama dan alot, sejak sidang ini dibuka oleh ketuanya pada 22 April 1947 di Makassar. Selama 40 hari persidangan ini berjalan dengan penuh debat yang seru. Ini terjadi karena sengitnya pergesekan gagasan di antara tokoh-tokoh Indonesia Timur. Mereka terbelah ke dalam aliran provinsialis dan republik. Meski waktunya cukup singkat, federalisme adalah sebuah gagasan yang pernah secara nyaring diperjuangkan oleh tokoh-tokoh bangsa kita di masa lalu.
Untuk disebut merdeka, sebuah bangsa membutuhkan nalar dan nurani. Jika kedua hal ini ditempa oleh sejarah, pengorbanan, dan cita-cita yang kokoh, maka berubahlah ia menjadi karakter, bahkan wujudnya bisa berupa ideologi. Tapi, di manakah tempat belajar agar kepekaan nalar dan nurani terbangun? Bagi bangsa merdeka, apa gunanya nalar dan nurani itu? Jawaban tegasnya: agar bangsa itu tidak mudah ditipu oleh (perubahan) keadaan dan manusia-manusia pecundang. Dengan itu juga, agar bangsa itu (selalu) terbantu melihat (konsistensi) jalan-jalan perbaikan yang sering dipidatokan atau dikampanyekan oleh para penguasanya. ***
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